Surgical instruments play a key role in various procedures, and knowing them is crucial for the NEET SS exam. Mastering their functions, types, and uses will help you perform well in your clinical exams. – Surgical instruments are vital for performing accurate and safe surgeries. – NEET SS requires knowledge of tools used in different specialties like general surgery, orthopedics, and cardiology. – Understanding the function and classification of instruments is essential. – Familiarity with instruments helps you in both theory and practical exams.
General surgery involves a wide range of instruments. This area uses key tools for cutting, suturing, and tissue handling. – Scalpel: A small, sharp knife used for making incisions. – Scissors (Mayo, Metzenbaum): Used for cutting tissues, with Mayo for tougher tissue and Metzenbaum for finer dissection. – Needle Holder: A clamp-like instrument for holding needles during suturing. – Hemostats (Kelly, Crile): Used to clamp blood vessels or tissues to stop bleeding.
Orthopaedic surgeries require specialised instruments for bone manipulation, joint fixation, and soft tissue management. – Bone Clamp: Used to clamp bones during orthopaedic procedures. – Bone Rongeur: Used for removing small bone fragments or tissue during surgery. – Hohmann Retractor: A retractor specifically used to expose joints and bones. – Periosteal Elevator: A tool for lifting the periosteum (membrane covering bones) during bone surgery.
Laparoscopic surgery uses specialised instruments for minimally invasive procedures. Familiarity with these tools is crucial for NEET SS in surgical specialities. – Laparoscope: A thin, flexible tube with a camera for viewing inside the body during minimally invasive surgery. – Trocar: A pointed instrument used to create an entry point for the laparoscope or other instruments. – Graspers and Scissors: Used to manipulate tissues or cut during laparoscopic procedures. Suturing Instruments (Endo-stitch): Specialised instruments for suturing during laparoscopic surgery.
– Sternal Saw: A specialised saw used to cut the sternum during open-heart surgery. – Aortic Cannula: Used for inserting into the aorta during heart bypass procedures. – Chest Retractors (Finch, Deaver): Used to retract the chest wall for access during thoracic surgeries. – Scalpel and Forceps (Cushing): Used for precise dissection and tissue manipulation during cardiac surgery.
After surgery, closing the wound properly is crucial for recovery. Understanding suturing instruments is essential for any surgical procedure. – Needle Holder: Used to hold needles during suturing. – Sutures (Absorbable and Non-absorbable): Used for closing incisions and wounds. – Tissue Forceps (Adson, Debakey): Used to hold tissues while suturing or closing a wound. Staplers: Used for closing large incisions quickly, especially in abdominal or thoracic surgeries.